Test validity and reliability7/30/2023 They outline three different aspects of validity, referred to as “the Three Cs”: content validity, construct validity and criterion validity. In a recent paper, Bishop and Boyle ( 2019) present an overview and a useful framework for considering validity as well as reliability of non-market valuation surveys. Different classifications of validity testing can be found in the valuation literature as well as in the broader survey literature (e.g. Instead, the validity of welfare measures obtained from a DCE survey will have to be assessed through more indirect indicators. However, given that true values cannot be observed for non-marketed environmental changes, such a direct and simple test of the validity of a DCE survey is not available. A DCE survey with the highest level of validity would be one that produces WTP estimates that are identical to the true WTPs in the population. In general, the overarching goal of most applied environmental DCE surveys is to provide welfare measures that mirror as accurately as possible the actual values of the target population. While goodness-of-fit measures and prediction success may be used to assess the validity of the econometric model, broader aspects of validity of the obtained value estimates should also be assessed when conducting DCE surveys.
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